Endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography (ERCP) is a highly sensitive endoscopy procedure used to treat symptoms of the bile liver, gallbladder, and pancreas, such as pancreatitis (inflammation of the pancreas). Gaining access to ducts, which are channels inside organs that allow bodily fluids to travel throughout the body—primarily biliary ducts that channel fluid through the liver and pancreatic ducts that channel fluid through the pancreas—is part of the test. The patient is kept under deep sedation during an ERCP procedure because the test is longer and more sensitive than other endoscopic tests. An endoscope is a long and flexible tubular device that is passed through the patient's mouth, down the esophagus, and through the stomach until it reaches the duodenum, which is the uppermost part of the patient's small intestine. When the endoscope reaches this area, another plastic device known as a catheter is guided through the endoscope and passed through the papilla, a tiny duct between the liver and pancreas. The catheter is intended to inject a contrast solution into either the pancreas or the liver, causing the ducts to appear very brightly on x-rays and providing doctors with a clear picture of how those organs are functioning. Your doctor will be able to see pancreatitis, for example, on the final x-ray image produced if the patient has it.
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